Align Clinic
  • Home
  • Locations
    • AC San Mateo, CA >
      • Inside AC SM
      • Our Practitioners >
        • Grant Wood
        • Steve Baum
        • Miguel Bustamante
        • Hosna Sharafi
        • Megan D'Apice
      • Advanced Technology
      • Stanford Children's Health Partnership
      • Local Hotels
      • Contact Us
      • Team Members
    • AC Green Bay, WI >
      • Inside Wisconsin
      • Patient Testimonials
      • Contact Us
      • Emery Maloney
    • AC The Woodlands, TX
    • AC Sacramento, CA
  • The WCR Brace
    • Case Presentations >
      • Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis
      • Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis
      • Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
      • Switching to a WCR Brace
      • Adult Scoliosis Bracing
      • Neuromuscular Scoliosis
      • Treating Upper Thoracic Curves
    • Brace Articles
    • Patient Testimonials >
      • Grant's Testimonials
      • Paul's Testimonials
    • WCR Partner Testimonials
    • Grant's MS Thesis
    • Our Patients
    • Patients and Sports
    • Patients and Hobbies
    • Brace colors
    • Scoliosis Fashion
  • Patient Resources
    • WCR Brace Clinics >
      • USA Clinics
      • China Clinics
      • Canada Clinics
      • Australia Clinics
      • WCR Brace Clinic Finder
    • WCR Certified Practitioners
    • Professional Contacts & References
    • Forms & Insurance
    • Clinical Photos and X-rays
    • Scoliosis Rehab PT, CA
    • Blog
  • Events
    • Brace Clinic Calendar
    • Sosort 2022 - San Sebastian, Spain
    • Past Events >
      • Advancements in Conservative Treatment of Scoliosis 2018 >
        • Award for Advancements in the Conservative Treatment of Scoliosis
      • Past USA WCR Clinics and Conferences
      • Advancements in Conservative Treatment Of Scoliosis 2017
      • Shanghai Clinic
      • AAOP Meetings
      • BSPTS Schroth PT Training
    • Past SOSORT Conferences >
      • sosort2019 San Francisco - CA
      • SOSORT2018 Dubrovnik/Croatia
      • SOSORT2017 Lyon/France
      • SOSORT2016 Canada
    • Northeast Region Re-Align Clinic
  • Services
    • Scoliosis & Spine Online Learning
    • Prosthetics
    • Orthotics >
      • Pediatric Orthotics
      • Cranial Remolding Band
  • Wall Grids
  • WCR Brace Fitting Evaluation
  • For PTs/Orthotists
  • WCR Measurement Order Form
  • Masterclass Conferences
  • Careers

The Align Clinic Blog
​ Your Home For Orthotic and Prosthetic Knowledge

KAFO: A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis

5/11/2023

0 Comments

 
Picture
A KAFO or knee-ankle-foot orthosis is a specially molded plastic shell with metal uprights and knee joints designed to provide corrective and supportive functions to the ankle, foot, and knee areas. It can improve posture, body alignment, mobility, and bone and muscle strength. It also increases independence and confidence levels in patients.

Whether you're a patient, caregiver, or healthcare professional, this post covers everything you need to know about KAFO, from its design and function to its benefits and limitations.

How to Put on a KAFO

Here is a simple process for putting on a KAFO:

  1. Begin by releasing all Velcro straps and unlocking and flexing the knee joints.
  2. Put on the full-length KAFO sock provided by your orthotist.
  3. Gently position your leg and foot inside the KAFO, ensuring your heel is securely placed all the way down inside.
  4. Ensure that the ankle (instep) strap is the first to be fastened, ensuring it’s snug enough to restrict any motion in the KAFO.
  5. Continue by fastening the fabric fastener straps along your calf and thigh.
  6. Straighten the knee to lock the knee joints (if applicable).
  7. Check that the joints are properly locked before standing up.

How to Remove a KAFO

Although KAFOs are designed to be worn for extended periods, they must be removed occasionally for activities like bathing, sleeping, and skin inspection.  Proper KAFO removal technique is essential to prevent injury and ensure the long-term effectiveness of the device.

Follow these steps to remove your KAFO safely:

  1. Loosen all the straps and buckles holding the KAFO. 
  2. If any padding or liners are inside the KAFO, remove them carefully.
  3. You may need help getting seated on the edge of a bed or chair.
  4. Unlock the knee, ankle, and foot joints of the KAFO.
  5. Gradually lift the KAFO off your leg while gently bending the knee and ankle.
  6. Once the KAFO has been removed, check your skin for any signs of irritation or redness.
  7. Clean the KAFO with a damp cloth and store it in a dry, cool place.

It's important to note that the specific steps for removing a KAFO may vary depending on the orthosis design and the patient's needs. It's best to follow the instructions provided by the healthcare provider or physical therapist.

How to Take Care of Your KAFO

Ensuring the proper upkeep of your KAFO is crucial. To maintain it, use a damp cloth to clean and towel dry. Avoid exposing it to direct heat. If you notice any wear and tear on the hook and loop straps, linings, or padding, contact your orthotic facility for repair. Additionally, attend the clinic annually for knee joint service or as per your orthotist's instructions.

Types of KAFOs

KAFOs, or knee-ankle-foot orthoses, come in various types that cater to the diverse needs of patients. Different types of KAFOs available, each with its specific features and benefits.

1. Total Surface Bearing/Thermoplastic KAFOs

Total Surface Bearing (TSB) or Thermoplastic KAFOs are commonly prescribed for patients with a flaccid or weak lower limb requiring full leg support. These KAFOs are custom-made from a mold of the patient's leg using a thermoplastic material that becomes pliable when heated. 

The mold creates a socket that distributes pressure evenly over the leg's surface, reducing the risk of skin irritation or pressure sores. These KAFOs also provide medial and lateral support to the knee and ankle joints, making them an effective option for patients who need joint stability.

Advantages 

Here are some advantages of Total Surface Bearing/Thermoplastic KAFOs:
​
  • Even pressure distribution: The custom-made socket distributes pressure evenly over the leg's surface, reducing the risk of skin irritation and pressure sores.
  • Greater joint stability: The medial and lateral support TSB/Thermoplastic KAFOs provide improves joint stability. That makes it an ideal choice for patients who need substantial joint support.
  • Improved mobility: The TSB KAFOs can improve mobility by providing a stable base of support for the leg helping patients stand and walk more confidently.
  • Custom-fit: These KAFOs are custom-made from a mold of the patient's leg, ensuring a perfect fit tailored to their needs.
  • Lightweight and durable: Thermoplastic materials are lightweight yet durable, providing patients with a comfortable and long-lasting orthotic solution.

Disadvantages

Here are some potential disadvantages of Total Surface Bearing/Thermoplastic KAFOs:
​
  • Time-consuming fabrication: Creating a custom mold for TSB/Thermoplastic KAFOs can be time-consuming, which may delay the patient's treatment.
  • Limited adjustability: There is limited adjustability once the KAFO is made. Any changes in the patient's condition or requirements may require the fabrication of a new orthosis.
  • Difficulty with donning and doffing: Due to the rigid nature of the thermoplastic material, the TSB KAFOs may be more challenging to put on and remove compared to other types of KAFOs.
  • Cost: TSB/Thermoplastic KAFOs are generally more expensive than other types of KAFOs due to their custom-made nature and the materials used in their fabrication.
  • Skin irritation: While TSB/Thermoplastic KAFOs are designed to distribute pressure evenly over the leg's surface, some patients may still experience skin irritation or pressure sores.

2. Stance Phase Control KAFO

Stance Phase Control (SPC) KAFOs are designed to provide stability and control during the stance phase of walking. They are typically prescribed for patients with weakness or paralysis of the quadriceps muscle, which can cause knee buckling or collapse during weight-bearing activities. 

SPC KAFOs use a combination of mechanical joints and spring mechanisms to provide the necessary support and stability for the patient. They are usually custom-made to ensure a proper fit and function for each patient's needs. SPC KAFOs are an effective orthotic solution for patients with gait abnormalities caused by quadriceps weakness or paralysis.

Advantages

Here are s few advantages of SPC KAFOs:

  • Improved gait: SPC KAFOs are designed to provide support and stability during the stance phase of walking, which can improve the patient's gait pattern and overall mobility.
  • Increased confidence and independence: Patients who use SPC KAFOs may experience increased confidence and independence during weight-bearing activities like walking or standing.
  • Customizable: They can be custom-made to fit each patient's needs, ensuring optimal function and comfort.
  • Adjustable: The KAFOs can be adjusted as needed to accommodate changes in the patient's condition or gait pattern.
  • Durability: They are typically constructed using durable materials, making them a long-lasting orthotic solution for patients who require support and stability during the stance phase of walking.

Disadvantages 

Here are the main disadvantages of Stance Phase Control KAFOs:

  • Limited functionality: SPC KAFOs are designed specifically for the stance phase of walking, which means they may not provide adequate support or control during other phases of gait.
  • Bulky: They can be relatively bulky and may limit the patient's ability to wear certain clothing or footwear.
  • Cost: They can be more expensive than other orthoses due to their custom design and construction.
  • Maintenance: The KAFOs may require regular maintenance to ensure proper function and fit, which can be time-consuming and costly.
  • Discomfort: SPC KAFOs can be uncomfortable for some patients, particularly if they are not properly fitted or adjusted.

Take the First Step Toward Pain Relief

Knee orthotics have the potential to greatly reduce pain and improve mobility, enabling individuals to maintain an active lifestyle. You can make wise decisions regarding treatment options with the information provided in this guide.

At Align Clinic, we strive to assist patients in selecting the most appropriate option for their needs. Contact us today and we’ll be happy to help you find an optimal solution for your knee pain.
0 Comments



Leave a Reply.

    Author

    Write something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview.

    Archives

    August 2023
    July 2023
    June 2023
    May 2023
    April 2023
    March 2023
    February 2023
    January 2023
    December 2022
    November 2022
    October 2022
    September 2022
    August 2022
    July 2022
    June 2022
    May 2022
    April 2022
    March 2022
    February 2022
    January 2022
    December 2021
    November 2021
    October 2021
    September 2021
    August 2021
    July 2021
    June 2021
    May 2021
    April 2021
    March 2021
    February 2021
    January 2021
    December 2020
    November 2020
    October 2020
    September 2020
    August 2020
    July 2020
    June 2020
    May 2020
    April 2020
    March 2020
    February 2020

    Categories

    All

    RSS Feed

Picture
San Mateo, California
700 S Claremont St
Suite #105
San Mateo, CA 94402 
Hours: 8:30-5:30 M-F
​Phone: (650) 375-2231
Fax: (650) 627-4632
Sacramento, CA
3000 Lava Ridge Court,
Suite 110,
Roseville, CA 95661
Tuesdays and Thursdays
Phone: (248) 417-4047
andrea@align-clinic.com
Green Bay, Wisconsin
445 Cardinal Lane
Suite #110
Green Bay, WI 54313
Hours: 8:30-5:30 M-F
Phone: (920) 940-5277
Fax: (844) 308-8462


Houston, Texas
1001 Medical Plaza Drive,
​Suite #130
The Woodlands, TX  77380
Hours: 8:30-5:30 M-F
​Phone: (346) 770-2970
Fax: (281) 419-1615
Photos used under Creative Commons from shixart1985, wuestenigel, shixart1985, istolethetv, shixart1985, shixart1985
  • Home
  • Locations
    • AC San Mateo, CA >
      • Inside AC SM
      • Our Practitioners >
        • Grant Wood
        • Steve Baum
        • Miguel Bustamante
        • Hosna Sharafi
        • Megan D'Apice
      • Advanced Technology
      • Stanford Children's Health Partnership
      • Local Hotels
      • Contact Us
      • Team Members
    • AC Green Bay, WI >
      • Inside Wisconsin
      • Patient Testimonials
      • Contact Us
      • Emery Maloney
    • AC The Woodlands, TX
    • AC Sacramento, CA
  • The WCR Brace
    • Case Presentations >
      • Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis
      • Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis
      • Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
      • Switching to a WCR Brace
      • Adult Scoliosis Bracing
      • Neuromuscular Scoliosis
      • Treating Upper Thoracic Curves
    • Brace Articles
    • Patient Testimonials >
      • Grant's Testimonials
      • Paul's Testimonials
    • WCR Partner Testimonials
    • Grant's MS Thesis
    • Our Patients
    • Patients and Sports
    • Patients and Hobbies
    • Brace colors
    • Scoliosis Fashion
  • Patient Resources
    • WCR Brace Clinics >
      • USA Clinics
      • China Clinics
      • Canada Clinics
      • Australia Clinics
      • WCR Brace Clinic Finder
    • WCR Certified Practitioners
    • Professional Contacts & References
    • Forms & Insurance
    • Clinical Photos and X-rays
    • Scoliosis Rehab PT, CA
    • Blog
  • Events
    • Brace Clinic Calendar
    • Sosort 2022 - San Sebastian, Spain
    • Past Events >
      • Advancements in Conservative Treatment of Scoliosis 2018 >
        • Award for Advancements in the Conservative Treatment of Scoliosis
      • Past USA WCR Clinics and Conferences
      • Advancements in Conservative Treatment Of Scoliosis 2017
      • Shanghai Clinic
      • AAOP Meetings
      • BSPTS Schroth PT Training
    • Past SOSORT Conferences >
      • sosort2019 San Francisco - CA
      • SOSORT2018 Dubrovnik/Croatia
      • SOSORT2017 Lyon/France
      • SOSORT2016 Canada
    • Northeast Region Re-Align Clinic
  • Services
    • Scoliosis & Spine Online Learning
    • Prosthetics
    • Orthotics >
      • Pediatric Orthotics
      • Cranial Remolding Band
  • Wall Grids
  • WCR Brace Fitting Evaluation
  • For PTs/Orthotists
  • WCR Measurement Order Form
  • Masterclass Conferences
  • Careers